Speech Terminology Quiz

• Adjacency pairs- A pattern of speech in which one utterance is followed by an appropriate linked response.
• Side sequencing- lasting for a number of utterances, it may effect topic or clarify something previously uttered.
• An example of a tag question is, 'It's cold isn't it?'
• Three examples of non-fluency features are, hesitations, repetitions and false starts.
• Phatic language is small talk e.g. 'Hi, how are you?', 'Doing anything nice today?'
• Non-verbal aspects of speech or 'paralinguistic features' such as 'fillers' can help reveal a speaker's attitudes and feelings. Two other non-verbal aspects of speech are facial expressions and pitch of voice.
• 'elp me orf this orse' is an example of phonetic spelling, which means the spelling of words to represent how they are pronounced.
• Grice's maxims: quantity- too much/little, quality- truth, relevance- on topic, manner- communication.
• Grice was interested in suggesting what helps to create an informative conversation.
• When analysing spontaneous speech we do not refer to 'sentences' but utterances.
• Brown and Levinson put forward some theories about politeness. These are four positive politeness strategies we might employ if we want to be liked: Positive face- the need to be connected, self and other- don't say anything e.g. look in bag for pen and person next to you may offer one, positive politeness- gives a greater risk for the speaker of suffering refusal and on record- if speaker directly addresses other as a means of expressing the speakers needs.
• In order to analyse a transcript the three things you must establish an awareness of from the outset are: establish the context- who wrote it, code your material- assigning attributes to specific units of analysis and examine the structure of the text.